The evolution of breakfast As William Somerset Maugham once said, “To eat well in England, you should eat breakfast three times a day,” and judging by the robust increase in out-of-home breakfast sales, UK consumers appear to concur. Breakfast is big news, with NPD Group research indicating that the meal now accounts for 11.2% of Britain’s total eating-out visits, and pub sales have soared 21% in the past year as licensees have capitalized on the breakfast opportunity.
- The meal also continues to have a significant impact on the development of new dishes, such as the current Instagram craze for cloud-like eggs and breakfast-inspired pies, pizzas, burgers, burritos, and cocktails.
- However, breakfast was not always considered the great British institution that it is today.
- During the Middle Ages, breakfast was practically nonexistent for the general populace, and while monarchs and their entourages enjoyed lavish feasts, lunch and dinner were the only formal meals of the day.
- First and foremost,
- Breakfast was criticized by Catholic church leaders who believed it committed the sin of eating too soon, which was associated with gluttony.
- Breakfast was permitted for children, the elderly, the sick, and working men
- however, men were often ashamed to eat breakfast because it was associated with poverty and meant you were likely a low-status farmer or laborer who needed the energy to sustain his morning’s work or were too weak to last until midday dinner.
- Gentleness accomplishes it
- The origins of the English breakfast as a national dish date back to the 13th century, when the gentry, a distinct social class composed of the “high born” who believed themselves to be guardians of the traditional English country lifestyle and cultural heirs of the Anglo-Saxons, popularized the dish.
- Breakfast was considered the most important meal of the day and a key social event, as it was an opportunity for the gentry to display the “wealth” of their estates through the quality of the meats, vegetables, and other ingredients used for breakfast feasts.
- The traditional English breakfast originated from the Anglo-Saxon dishes of the gentry.
- The gentry often read their mail and daily periodicals during breakfast during this time period.
- A banquet for all
Not until the Industrial Revolution, however, did the English breakfast become a meal for the masses as well as the wealthy. The dish became a staple for the working classes, who viewed it as a source of the energy required for heavy manual labor.
- Isabella Beeton, a Victorian-era home economist, advocated the importance of a hearty breakfast to set the tone for the day, and the full English appeared in her Book of Household Management as one of the suggested breakfasts (1861).
- As with many great Victorian traditions, the serving of the traditional English breakfast became a refined and elegant affair, with ingredients being standardized to create the well-loved English breakfast.
- The most significant meal of the day
- A 1944 American marketing campaign for cereal called “Eat a Good Breakfast – Do a Better Job” popularized the notion that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, claiming that “Nutrition experts say breakfast is the most important meal of the day.”
- It is believed that half of the British population began their day with a fry-up during the 1950s, when the popularity of the full English peaked.
- Today’s full English
- According to the English Breakfast Society, a traditional full English breakfast should consist of back bacon, eggs, British sausage, baked beans, fried tomato, fried mushrooms, black pudding, and toast. This is despite the fact that the ingredients of a traditional full English breakfast are frequently the subject of heated debate.
- Some argue that black pudding was brought to England by the Scots and therefore has no place in a traditional English breakfast. However, a quick glance at TripAdvisor reviews reveals how dissatisfied customers can be when black pudding, which was hailed as a superfood last year due to its high iron content, is absent from their plate.
- The Bury Black Pudding Company’s brand and marketing manager, Peter Winkler, notes that the product’s popularity has increased by 52% annually on the catering market.
- Hash browns, which were introduced to the foodservice market more than 20 years ago by companies including McCain Foods, have also become a star player of the ‘full monty’, with NPD research reporting a 29% sales increase in pubs over the past year as pub operators expand their breakfast offerings.
- Foods marketing and category controller Jo Holborn says, “We’ve also begun to see hash browns utilized in slightly different ways, such as a base for toppings like smashed avocado and eggs, or as a breakfast-themed alternative to topped chips.”
- The tradition of the full English breakfast has been embraced by British society for more than two centuries and is now so ingrained in the nation’s eating habits that it will not disappear from pub menus any time soon.
However, breakfast is now rewriting history, establishing itself as the new social and business occasion for dining out. And with food deliveries growing at a faster rate than Usain Bolt, and McDonald’s recently announcing plans to launch home delivery in the UK, the rise of breakfast home delivery appears poised to become the next significant chapter in the history of breakfast.
- In 1620, the English medical author Tobias Venner recommended eating poached eggs with salt, pepper, and vinegar alongside bread and butter for breakfast.
- Bringing the bacon home – In the 1770s, John Harris is credited as the inventor of large-scale industrial bacon production. He established his business in Wiltshire, which is still regarded as the bacon capital of the world.
- In 1810, the first Bury (England) black pudding was made and sold at Casewell’s Pudding Shop on Bury’s Union Street.
- Heinz Tomato Ketchup was introduced in the United Kingdom in 1886, and HP Brown Sauce has been a breakfast staple since 1903. The following year, rival brown sauce Daddies debuted.
- The hash brown, originally known as hashed brown potatoes, was first mentioned in 1888 by food writer Maria Parloa.
- Beans are believed to have become a breakfast staple as a result of Heinz’s 1960s advertising campaign, Beanz Meanz Heinz, which was launched after research revealed that 1.75 million British housewives purchased Heinz baked beans daily.
The origins of breakfast
Do the English consume breakfast beans?
The Full English Breakfast, also known as The Fry Up – The ingredients of the English breakfast, known colloquially as a fry up, are now standardised, but there is currently a revival of the more traditional English breakfast ingredients in higher end establishments, where the English breakfast is again being revered and elevated to an art form, typically through the inclusion of some of the older and more difficult to prepare Anglo-Saxon breakfast dishes.
The ‘common’ full English breakfast consists of back bacon, eggs, British sausage, baked beans, bubble and squeak, fried tomato, fried mushrooms, black pudding, and fried and toasted bread on the side. We recognize that these ingredients may vary depending on where you are in the United Kingdom and that they are still a matter of (occasionally quite heated) debate, so please refrain from writing to us claiming that they are incorrect; in our educated opinion, these are the correct ingredients.
The Southern English would argue that black pudding is a Scottish import, but the truth is that black pudding is a staple of the traditional full English breakfast in the North of the country. However, many people believe that hash browns do not belong in a traditional English breakfast.
- We at the Society believe that frozen hash browns and french fries are used as inexpensive breakfast plate fillers, served by individuals who likely use imported bacon and sausages and have never heard of bubble and squeak.
- If your English breakfast consists of inexpensive, fried, imported, frozen bacon and sausages, it is not authentic.
The defining characteristic of a traditional English breakfast is the use of locally or regionally sourced ingredients from British farmers, sausage makers, and butchers. However, if you are abroad, you may substitute locally sourced pork in its place.
It is served with tea or coffee and buttered toast. In contemporary times, breakfast may also include baked beans and hash browns. This staple has many regional variations. For instance, the Ulster Fry includes Irish soda bread; the Scottish breakfast features a tattie scone (potato scone) and perhaps a slice of haggis; the Welsh breakfast includes seaweed-based laverbread (barra lawr); and the Cornish breakfast typically includes Cornish hogs pudding (a kind of sausage).
- The breakfast custom dates back to the Middle Ages.
- There were typically only two meals per day at this time, breakfast and dinner.
- Typically, breakfast consisted of ale, bread, and perhaps cheese, cold meat, or dripping, and was served in the middle or late morning.
- On social or ceremonial occasions, such as weddings, the aristocracy and gentry often served a lavish breakfast.
All weddings took place in the morning because the wedding mass had to take place before noon. Therefore, the first meal the newlyweds ate together was breakfast, which became known as the “wedding breakfast.” By the time of the Georgian and Victorian eras, breakfast had become an integral part of a shooting party, weekend house party, or hunt, and it was served somewhat earlier.
- The gentry enjoyed lavish entertaining, which included breakfast.
- There was an abundance of silverware and glassware on display during breakfasts to impress the host’s guests.
- The breakfast table would be groaning under the weight of the host’s estate produce.
- The family and guests had access to newspapers to catch up on the day’s news.
In fact, it is still socially acceptable to read newspapers at the breakfast table (as opposed to other meals). In addition to eggs and bacon, which was first cured in the early 18th century, the breakfast feast could also include offal such as kidneys, cold meats such as tongue, and fish dishes such as kippers and kedgeree, a dish from colonial India consisting of rice, smoked fish, and hard-boiled eggs.
State Breakfast given by Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) on board HMS Serapis for the King and Queen of Greece, 1875 During the Victorian era, a wealthy middle class began to emerge in British society, desiring to emulate the traditions of the gentry, including the full English breakfast.
As the middle classes entered the workforce, breakfast was typically served before 9 a.m. Surprisingly, many members of the working classes also enjoyed the full English breakfast. The intense physical labor and long hours of work in factories during the Industrial Revolution necessitated a hearty breakfast in the morning.
- In the 1950s, nearly half of the adult population began their day with a traditional English fry-up.
- In today’s health-conscious society, you may have believed that a full English breakfast is not the healthiest way to start the day.
- However, according to some experts, such a meal in the morning can be healthy, especially if the food is grilled rather than fried.
Perhaps the full English breakfast remains so popular not only because it tastes so good, but also because people from all walks of life have enjoyed it for centuries. It is served everywhere in Britain, including in five-star hotels, country inns, guesthouses, bed-and-breakfasts, cafes, and restaurants.
Which nation serves beans for breakfast?
Have you ever considered eating beans for breakfast in Egypt? South of the Mediterranean, Egypt’s national dish is ful medames, a breakfast fava bean stew made with vegetable oil, herbs, and spices that is believed to be as old as the pharaohs (and is so popular that it is eaten at any time of day).
Beef, lamb, and pork are the most common joints; chicken is also popular. Beef is served with a hot white horseradish sauce, while pork and lamb are served with a sweet apple sauce and a green mint sauce, respectively. Meat is covered with gravy. To the food index Copyright – read carefully All of the materials on these pages are free for use only in school assignments and classrooms.
You may not redistribute, sell, or place the content of this page on another website or blog without Mandy Barrow’s written permission. www.mandybarrow.com Mandy Barrow 2013 Copyright The Woodlands Resources section of the Woodlands Junior website was created by Mandy. The new homes for the Woodlands Resources are the websites projectbritain.com and primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk.
Mandy left Woodlands in 2003 to become an ICT Consultant in Kent schools. She is currently an instructor of computers at The Granville School and St. John’s Primary School in Sevenoaks, Kent. New website for Woodlands Junior Homework Help